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Furthermore, how big of a tree can you transplant?
Shrubs up to 3 feet tall and trees an inch or less in diameter (measured 6 inches above the soil level) can be moved without digging a solid root ball. These and most plants 3 to 4 years old may be moved as bare root transplants. Larger or older plants will need to be dug and transplanted with the root ball intact.
Subsequently, question is, can you transplant blue spruce trees?
Picea pungens (blue spruce), the State Tree of Colorado, is reportedly relatively easily transplanted. You probably don't want to wait for 5 years to do your transplanting, but even one year's or a few months' wait after root pruning would increase the root surface by producing new small roots at the cut ends.
According to the U.S. Forest Service, blue spruce trees develop shallow roots after seed germinate, perhaps only 2 to 3 inches deep. This reveals that this tree species grows with a spreading, shallow root system.