Asked by: Olarizu Egitto
science physics

How is the second law of thermodynamics related to entropy?

30
The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that thestate of entropy of the entire universe, as an isolatedsystem, will always increase over time. The second law alsostates that the changes in the entropy in the universe cannever be negative.


Herein, what does the 2nd law of thermodynamics state?

The First Law of Thermodynamics states thatenergy cannot be created or destroyed; the total quantity of energyin the universe stays the same. The Second Law ofThermodynamics is about the quality of energy. It statesthat as energy is transferred or transformed, more and more of itis wasted.

Similarly, why is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics important? Second law of thermodynamics is veryimportant because it talks about entropy and as we havediscussed, 'entropy dictates whether or not a process or a reactionis going to be spontaneous'.

Simply so, what is the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics and give an example?

The second law states that there exists a usefulstate variable called entropy S. The change in entropy delta S isequal to the heat transfer delta Q divided by the temperature T. Anexample of a reversible process is ideally forcing a flowthrough a constricted pipe. Ideal means no boundary layerlosses.

What increases the entropy of a system?

Affecting Entropy Several factors affect the amount of entropy ina system. If you increase temperature, youincrease entropy. (1) More energy put into a systemexcites the molecules and the amount of random activity. (2) As agas expands in a system, entropyincreases.

Related Question Answers

Simplicio Boeschel

Professional

What does the second law state?

Newton's second law of motion pertains to thebehavior of objects for which all existing forces are notbalanced. The second law states that the acceleration of anobject is dependent upon two variables - the net forceacting upon the object and the mass of the object.

Jaimeta Mazarro

Professional

What is the unit of entropy?

The SI unit for Entropy (S) is Joules perKelvin (J/K). A more positive value of entropy means areaction is more likely to happen spontaneously.

Najib Borgstedt

Professional

How do you define enthalpy?

Enthalpy is a thermodynamic property of a system.It is the sum of the internal energy added to the product of thepressure and volume of the system. It reflects the capacity to donon-mechanical work and the capacity to release heat.Enthalpy is denoted as H; specific enthalpy denotedas h.

Imobach Hatenkerl

Explainer

What means entropy?

It usually refers to the idea that everything in theuniverse eventually moves from order to disorder, andentropy is the measurement of that change. The wordentropy finds its roots in the Greek entropia, which means"a turning toward" or "transformation."

Natael Guich

Explainer

What is the 3rd law of thermodynamics in simple terms?

The third law of thermodynamic states that as thetemperature of a system approaches absolute zero, its entropybecomes constant, or the change in entropy is zero. The thirdlaw of thermodynamics predicts the properties of a system andthe behavior of entropy in a unique environment known as absolutetemperature.

Rayna Ingenhoff

Explainer

What is entropy in biology?

Entropy is also used to mean disorganization ordisorder. The American Heritage Dictionary gives as the seconddefinition of entropy, "a measure of disorder or randomnessin a closed system."

Roberth Mosheev

Pundit

How do you measure entropy?

Key Takeaways: Calculating Entropy
  1. Entropy is a measure of probability and the molecular disorderof a macroscopic system.
  2. If each configuration is equally probable, then the entropy isthe natural logarithm of the number of configurations, multipliedby Boltzmann's constant: S = kB ln W.

Isora Schielin

Pundit

What phase has the lowest entropy?

Solids have the fewest microstates and thus thelowest entropy. Liquids have more microstates (since themolecules can translate) and thus have a higher entropy.When a substance is a gas it has many more microstates andthus have the highest entropy.

Miledy Grevenkamp

Pundit

What are the applications of Second Law of Thermodynamics?

What are the applications of the second law ofthermodynamics? 1) According to the law, heat alwaysflows from a body at a higher temperature to a body at the lowertemperature. This law is applicable to all types of heatengine cycles including Otto, Diesel, etc. for all types of workingfluids used in the engines.

Rilma Vidiella

Pundit

What is a real life example of the first law of thermodynamics?

Heat engines are a good example ofthis—heat transfer into them takes place so that they can dowork. The first law of thermodynamics is theconservation-of-energy principle stated for a system where heat andwork are the methods of transferring energy for a system in thermalequilibrium.

Vitalii Sasportas

Pundit

What is a good example of entropy?

A campfire is an example of entropy. The solidwood burns and becomes ash, smoke and gases, all of which spreadenergy outwards more easily than the solid fuel. Ice melting, saltor sugar dissolving, making popcorn and boiling water for tea areprocesses with increasing entropy in yourkitchen.

Fulvia Hakim

Teacher

What is an example of thermodynamics?

In the process, they witness the first and second lawsof thermodynamics. For example, someone might put anice cube into a glass of warm lemonade and then forget to drink thebeverage. The lemonade will eventually become warm again, as heatfrom the environment is transferred to the glass and itscontents.

Shasha Barado

Teacher

Can you have a negative entropy?

A negative entropy means that "wasted" energy istransformed on work. On some local processes you can obtaina negative entropy, but the global process has alwaysa positive entropy. For example, if you burn fuel,you get water, CO2 and some other wastes.

Walker Izarra

Teacher

What is the First and Second Law of Thermodynamics?

The first law, also known as Law ofConservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created ordestroyed in an isolated system. The second law ofthermodynamics states that the entropy of any isolated systemalways increases.

Argelia Zurloh

Teacher

What does the 1st law of thermodynamics state?

The First Law of Thermodynamics states that heatis a form of energy, and thermodynamic processes aretherefore subject to the principle of conservation of energy. Thismeans that heat energy cannot be created or destroyed.

Chance Neibert

Reviewer

What are the 1st 2nd and 3rd laws of thermodynamics?

The first law, also known as Law ofConservation of Energy, states that energy cannot be created ordestroyed in an isolated system. The third law ofthermodynamics states that the entropy of a system approaches aconstant value as the temperature approaches absolutezero.

Bairon Keward

Reviewer

What is an example of the 1st Law of Thermodynamics?

Examples of the First Law of Thermodynamics, orthe Conservation of Energy Law. topExamples of the FirstLaw of Thermodynamics, also known as the Conservation of EnergyLaw. Energy flow in diesel engine. The Conversion ofmechanical energy into heat. Examples of how thermalefficiency is defined.

Davida Kleixner

Reviewer

Why is entropy important?

Entropy is a bookkeeping device, which tells usabout the flow and distribution of energy. For any process to occurto occur spontaneously, it is a necessary condition that theentropy of the system undergoing the process shouldincrease. It is important to understand what entropyis and why it always increase.

Sasha Bonastre

Reviewer

What is the formula for the second law of thermodynamics?

The infinitesimal change in entropy of a system (dS) iscalculated by measuring how much heat has entered a closed system(δQ) divided by the common temperature (T) at the point wherethe heat transfer took place. The second equation is a wayto express the second law of thermodynamics in terms ofentropy.

Co-Authored By:

EveryThingWhat Staff Editor

6

11th June, 2020

52

87% of readers found this page helpful.

4.7/5

Click a star to add your vote

Similar Asks
Trending