Asked by: Carlo Harang
science genetics

In which cellular component do you expect to find your genomic DNA?

24
“In which cellular component do you expecttofind your genetic DNA?”Genomic DNA isfoundin the nucleus.


Furthermore, in what part of the cell is genomic DNA found?

Nearly every cell in a person's body has thesameDNA. Most DNA is located in thecellnucleus (where it is called nuclear DNA), but asmall amountof DNA can also be found in themitochondria (whereit is called mitochondrial DNA ormtDNA).

Beside above, what proteins might be associated with DNA in the cell? Chromosomal DNA is bound by histones.Otherassociated nuclear proteins may includeDNApolymerase or transcription factors. What proteinsmight beassociated with DNA in the cell? Once the membranehasdissolved, the DNA is released into the solution, but soaremany other types of cellular molecules.

Also to know is, where is genomic DNA found?

Researchers refer to DNA found in thecell'snucleus as nuclear DNA. An organism's complete setofnuclear DNA is called its genome. Besides theDNAlocated in the nucleus, humans and other complexorganisms alsohave a small amount of DNA in cell structuresknown asmitochondria.

What is meant by genomic DNA?

Genomic deoxyribonucleic acid ischromosomalDNA, in contrast to extra-chromosomal DNAs likeplasmids. Itis also then abbreviated as gDNA. The genome ofan organism(encoded by the genomic DNA) is the (biological)informationof heredity which is passed from one generation oforganism to thenext.

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Where is the DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?

In eukaryotic cells, like in the maizecellshown here, DNA is located in thenucleus, themitochondria and the chloroplasts (occuring only inplants and someprotists). The nucleus contains most DNA. Itis present inthis compartment in the form of linear chromosomesthat togetherconstitute the genome.

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Is DNA made of proteins?

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What is the first step in isolating DNA?

The three basic steps of DNA extractionare1) lysis, 2) precipitation, and 3) purification. Inthisstep, the cell and the nucleus are broken open toreleasethe DNA inside and there are two ways to dothis.First, mechanical disruption breaks openthecells.

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Where is DNA located in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?

DNA in ProkaryotesandEukaryotes
In eukaryotic cells, like in themaizecell shown here, DNA is located inthenucleus, the mitochondria and the chloroplasts (occuring onlyinplants and some protists). The nucleus containsmostDNA.

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How many genomes do humans have?

There are an estimated 20,000-25,000humanprotein-coding genes. The estimate of the number ofhumangenes has been repeatedly revised down from initialpredictions of100,000 or more as genome sequence quality andgene findingmethods have improved, and could continue todropfurther.

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Is DNA a polymer?

DNA is a polymer. The monomer unitsofDNA are nucleotides, and the polymer is known asa"polynucleotide." Each nucleotide consists of a 5-carbonsugar(deoxyribose), a nitrogen containing base attached to thesugar,and a phosphate group.

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Where is the genomic DNA stored in a prokaryotic cell?

In other words, the nucleoid is the area inaprokaryotic cell where DNA islocated.Prokaryotes compress their DNA into a smallspacethrough a process called supercoiling. SupercoilingDNAallows it to be packaged efficiently into thesmallcell.

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Do all humans have the same genome?

The human genome is mostly the sameinall people. But there are variations acrossthegenome. This genetic variation accounts for about0.001percent of each person's DNA and contributes to differencesinappearance and health. People who are closely relatedhavemore similar DNA.

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What is the difference between genomic and plasmid DNA?

Genomic DNA is DNA that is part ofaorganism's chromosomes. A Plasmid is small loopofDNA which is separate. Bacteria typically have onecircularchromosome, but a variable number of plasmid whichthey swapwith other bacterial of their type.

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What is difference between gene and genome?

Genes are made of DNA, and so is thegenomeitself. A gene consists of enough DNA to codefor oneprotein, and a genome is simply the sum total ofanorganism's DNA. DNA is long and skinny, capable of contortinglikea circus performer when it winds into chromosomes. In averyreal sense, DNA is information.

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What is an example of a genome?

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Why is alcohol used in DNA extraction?

It also helps to keep the proteins dissolved intheaqueous layer so they don't precipitate in the alcoholalongwith the DNA. Ethanol or isopropylalcoholcauses the DNA to precipitate. When DNAcomes out ofsolution it tends to clump together, which makesitvisible.

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What is mRNA made of?

Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a single-strandedRNAmolecule that is complementary to one of the DNA strands of agene.The mRNA is an RNA version of the gene that leaves thecellnucleus and moves to the cytoplasm where proteinsaremade.

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What is the structure of a genome?

In the fields of molecular biology and genetics,agenome is the genetic material of an organism. Itconsistsof DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The genome includesboth thegenes (the coding regions) and the noncoding DNA, as wellasmitochondrial DNA and chloroplast DNA. The study ofthegenome is called genomics.

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What is the size of genomic DNA?

One megabase of duplex DNA has a mass of 1fg(10−15 g). Genome sizesofbacteriophages and viruses range from a few thousand basestoseveral hundred kilobases. Bacterial genomes range from0.5Mb to 10 Mb. Eukaryotic genomes are diverse,fromapproximately 10 Mb in some fungi to more than 100000 Mb incertainplants.

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What makes up a genome?

A genome is an organism's complete set ofDNA,including all of its genes. Each genome contains all oftheinformation needed to build and maintain that organism. Inhumans,a copy of the entire genome—more than 3 billionDNAbase pairs—is contained in all cells that haveanucleus.

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What makes DNA unique to each individual?

Genetic fingerprints
They are the same in every cell and retaintheirdistinctiveness throughout a person's life. Human cellscontain 23chromosomes (packets of DNA) from the father and23 from themother. Each DNA strand contains a uniquesequence orcode of genetic information.

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What are the functions of proteins?

Proteins are large, complex molecules thatplaymany critical roles in the body. They do most of the work incellsand are required for the structure, function, andregulationof the body's tissues and organs.

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EveryThingWhat Staff Editor

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27th May, 2020

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