Asked by: Shuling Wolz
science genetics

What conditions would have to exist for the gene frequencies to stay the same?

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The Hardy-Weinberg model states that a population will remain at genetic equilibrium as long as five conditions are met: (1) No change in the DNA sequence, (2) No migration, (3) A very large population size, (4) Random mating, and (5) No natural selection.


Keeping this in consideration, what conditions must exist for frequencies to remain stable over multiple generations?

Five conditions are required in order for a population to remain at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium:

  • A large breeding population.
  • Random mating.
  • No change in allelic frequency due to mutation.
  • No immigration or emigration.
  • No natural selection.

Furthermore, when the frequency of alleles for a gene is constant over time that gene is said to be in genetic? The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a principle stating that the genetic variation in a population will remain constant from one generation to the next in the absence of disturbing factors.

Beside this, what are the conditions necessary for a population to stay in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?

The conditions to maintain the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium are: no mutation, no gene flow, large population size, random mating, and no natural selection. The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can be disrupted by deviations from any of its five main underlying conditions.

Is it possible for genotypic frequencies to change but not allelic frequencies?

Is it possible for a population's genotype frequencies to change from one generation to the next but it's alleles stay constant? As long as there is no natural selection, inbreeding or mutation, the allele frequency will remain constant.

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How do you know if a population is in HWE?

We can check if a population is in genetic equilibrium by testing if the Hardy-Weinberg principle applies, as follows: Given the population genotype numbers, (1) calculate the allele frequencies from the observed population genotype numbers. (2) calculate the genotype frequencies from the observed genotype numbers.

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How do you know if something is in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium?

To know if a population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium scientists have to observe at least two generations. If the allele frequencies are the same for both generations then the population is in Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium. Example 1b: Recall: the previous generation had allele frequencies of = 0.6 and = 0.4.

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How do you use the Hardy Weinberg equation?

The Hardy-Weinberg Equation. For a population in genetic equilibrium: p + q = 1.0 (The sum of the frequencies of both alleles is 100%.)

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What does the term 2pq represent in the Hardy Weinberg equation?

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Is Evolution a random process?

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What is the Hardy Weinberg equation and when is it used?

The Hardy-Weinberg equation is a mathematical equation that can be used to calculate the genetic variation of a population at equilibrium. In 1908, G. H. Hardy and Wilhelm Weinberg independently described a basic principle of population genetics, which is now named the Hardy-Weinberg equation.

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What does the Hardy Weinberg principle predict?

The Hardy-Weinberg principle predicts that allelic frequencies remain constant from one generation to the next, or remain in EQUILIBRIUM, if we assume certain conditions (which we will discuss below). No migration - so no alleles enter or leave the population. No mutation - so allelic characteristics do not change.

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What are five causes of microevolution?

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What causes stabilizing selection?

In that way, like all forms of selection, the cause of stabilizing selection is the increased fitness and reproductive success that the median individuals have. The extreme versions or traits have a disadvantage, in one way or another. This disadvantage, in evolutionary terms, is decreased reproduction.

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What causes speciation?

Scientists think that geographic isolation is a common way for the process of speciation to begin: rivers change course, mountains rise, continents drift, organisms migrate, and what was once a continuous population is divided into two or more smaller populations.

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What are the 5 Hardy Weinberg rules?

There are five basic Hardy-Weinberg assumptions: no mutation, random mating, no gene flow, infinite population size, and no selection.

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What are the four forces of evolution?

Response: The four forces of evolution are: mutation, gene flow, genetic drift, and natural selection. Mutation is a random heritable change in a gene or chromosome, resulting from additions, deletions, or substitutions of nitrogen bases in the DNA sequence.

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How do you find P and Q in Hardy Weinberg?

Since p = 1 - q and q is known, it is possible to calculate p as well. Knowing p and q, it is a simple matter to plug these values into the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p² + 2pq + q² = 1). This then provides the predicted frequencies of all three genotypes for the selected trait within the population.

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What is an example of the bottleneck effect?

The bottleneck effect is an extreme example of genetic drift that happens when the size of a population is severely reduced. Events like natural disasters (earthquakes, floods, fires) can decimate a population, killing most indviduals and leaving behind a small, random assortment of survivors.

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What causes genetic equilibrium?

This could be caused by many factors including natural selection, genetic drift, mutation and others which forcibly change the allele frequency. However, if a population is at genetic equilibrium these forces are absent or cancel each other out.

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How does genetic drift affect allele frequencies?

Genetic drift is a process in which allele frequencies within a population change by chance alone as a result of sampling error from generation to generation. Genetic drift is a random process that can lead to large changes in populations over a short period of time.

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What is an example of genetic drift?

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When a gene has multiple effects what is it called?

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