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Also question is, what are the goals of Maven?
When Maven starts building a project, it steps through a defined sequence of phases and executes goals, which are registered with each phase. A goal represents a specific task which contributes to the building and managing of a project. It may be bound to zero or more build phases.
Consequently, what is the use of target folder in Maven?
The target folder is the maven default output folder. When a project is build or packaged, all the content of the sources, resources and web files will be put inside of it, it will be used for construct the artifacts and for run tests. You can delete all the target folder content with mvn clean command.
Maven is a build automation tool used primarily for Java projects. Maven can also be used to build and manage projects written in C#, Ruby, Scala, and other languages. Maven is built using a plugin-based architecture that allows it to make use of any application controllable through standard input.